Heavy Metals Pollution in Soil and Their Remediation Techniques: A Review

Mohd Mohasin

Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow, India.

Khalid Habib *

Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow, India.

P. Smriti Rao

Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow, India.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements with large atomic weights and densities that are at least five times greater than those of water. Their widespread dispersion in the environment as a result of their numerous agricultural, industrial, residential, medicinal, and technical applications has raised questions about their possible consequences on human health as well as environment. A broad review of heavy metal clean-up technologies is included in this paper. The following technologies are described together with the destiny of heavy metals: Bioremediation, stabilization/solidification, separation, and concentration are examples of in-situ and ex-situ technologies. electrokinetics, Soil flushing, barriers and treatment walls,  treatment by chemical, soil amendments, and phytoremediation are examples of in-situ technologies. One of the ex-situ processes is soil cleaning.

Keywords: Environmental pollution, remediation, bioremediation, phytoremediation, electrokinetics


How to Cite

Mohasin, Mohd, Khalid Habib, and P. Smriti Rao. 2022. “Heavy Metals Pollution in Soil and Their Remediation Techniques: A Review”. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 12 (12):1231-50. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i121563.