An Overview of Green Nanotechnology as a Contemporary Instrument for Sustainable Agriculture
Raj Bahadur *
Department of Agronomy, Aacharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, India.
Ashwini Kumar
Department of Plant Pathology, RVSKVV, Gwalior, India.
Ayushi Trivedi
Department of Agricultural Engineering, BM College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior, India.
Nirjharnee Nandeha
SMS, KVK Mahasamund, IGKV, Raipur, India.
Smita Agrawal
Department of Horticulture, BM College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior, India.
Shashi Bala Ahirwar
Post Harvest Process and Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, JNKVV, Jabalpur, India.
R. M. Muthuraman
Department of Agriculture Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engg College, Perundirai, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Green chemistry, which synthesises chemicals with less toxicity or reduces the toxicity of hazardous compounds, is an important tool for attaining sustainability. Green nanotechnology offers answers to a number of international problems. Green nanotechnology is seen as a crucial instrument for attaining sustainability in the food industry, animal feed, and agriculture. Green nanotechnology uses biological processes to synthesise nanoparticles (NMs), which find wide-ranging applications in the sustainable agricultural sector and related fields. Various plant tissues, including leaves, stems, barks, seeds, roots, fruits, and flowers, have been employed in the production of nanoparticles (NPs). Diverse natural resources are employed to maintain the agricultural industries. As this book chapter is not intended to cover the whole possibilities of this recently developed field of medicine and study, we will confine ourselves to a quick synopsis of green nanotechnology and the ongoing attempts to explore its potential uses in sustainable agriculture and related fields. Different engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) affect plants in different ways and through distinct mechanisms. In order to create systems for sustainable agriculture, this book chapter also thoroughly examines the absorption, translocation, interaction mechanisms, and phytotoxicity of numerous ENMs in plant species. This review emphasises the benefits and significance of using NMs, together with the primary technological challenges that may arise during the implementation of sustainable agriculture systems.
Keywords: Food security, nanoparticles, crops, yield, diseases