Assessing the Impact and Management of Plastic Pollution in Freetown: A Comprehensive Situational Analysis

Musa Kamara

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai-200092, UNEP- Tongji Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092, China.

Mohammad Imran Azizi

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai-200092, UNEP- Tongji Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092, China and Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Science, Badghis Higher Education Institution, Badghis, Afghanistan.

Richard Edmond Victor Sesay

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai-200092, UNEP- Tongji Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092, China.

Bahirullah Rahmani

Research and Development Department, Khurasan University, Nangarhar, Afghanistan and Civil Department, Khurasan University, Nangarhar, Afghanistan.

David Bangura *

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai-200092, UNEP- Tongji Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092, China.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

This paper aimed to identify the sources, types, challenges, and impacts of plastic pollution in Freetown, providing a comprehensive situational analysis. The study employed a qualitative and integrative literature review, contextualizing data from various sources, including government reports and international organizations. Databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science were utilized to compile and analyze relevant information.

Findings showed that 80% of Freetown's 40,600 tons/year of plastic waste is dumped in the streets. Sachet bags are the dominant, accounting for 70-80% of plastic waste, mainly from households. The study reveals that plastic pollution in Freetown is a critical environmental issue exacerbated by inadequate waste management infrastructure, rapid urbanization, and socio-economic challenges. Key impacts include threats to public health, disruption of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and significant economic costs, particularly in the tourism and fishing industries.

The study underscores the urgent need for policy interventions, such as banning single-use plastics, enhancing waste management systems, and promoting community engagement in recycling efforts. The broader implications of this research suggest that addressing plastic pollution in Freetown could significantly contribute to global sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly those related to poverty alleviation, health, and environmental sustainability. Finally, the findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, urging them to implement comprehensive waste management strategies and to engage local communities in efforts to mitigate plastic pollution, thereby fostering a more sustainable urban environment.

Keywords: Plastic pollution, situational analysis, freetown, sachet water, waste management, sustainable development goals


How to Cite

Kamara, Musa, Mohammad Imran Azizi, Richard Edmond Victor Sesay, Bahirullah Rahmani, and David Bangura. 2024. “Assessing the Impact and Management of Plastic Pollution in Freetown: A Comprehensive Situational Analysis”. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14 (9):718-36. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94450.