International Journal of Environment and Climate Change

Urban agriculture refers to the agricultural activities such as plant production for home consumption and income generation in the urban areas especially cities. The concept of urban agriculture has been popularizing but in today’s century it is also facing certain problems such as limited land resources, population increase etc. Vertical farming is a type of urban agriculture, through which we could seek solutions to the problems that urban agriculture has been facing in the recent times. Vertical farming refers to the growing of crops in vertically stacked structures especially under controlled environmental conditions and using a suitable growing medium to increase the crop production per square metre by utilizing the vertical space for cultivation [1]. A wide range of crops can be cultivated in vertical farming with the use of techniques such as hydroponics, aeroponics, aquaponics, artificial lighting, inside the controlled environment of a greenhouse.  Vertical farming is needed to provide solution to the problems of urban agriculture in terms of providing food security to the growing population, efficient land utilization, water conservation, increased crop production etc. However, vertical farming has certain disadvantages as well such as high initial investment cost, high energy cost and high maintenance cost. Therefore, further research and development strategies are necessary to overcome such disadvantages for increasing its effectiveness to meet the food demands of the growing population as well as the future generation in a sustainable manner.