Dynamics of Soil Properties under Jhum Cultivation: A Review
Rajesh Khan
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Ampee Tasung *
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Badapmain Makdoh
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam-793103, India.
Kaushik Bhagawati
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Ashwini Suryawanshi
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Rajesh A Alone
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Thejangulie Angami
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Mikar Nyodu
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Lachi Drema
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
Thupten Tsomu
Department of Horticulture, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh-791112, India.
Immanuel Chongboi
PC Unit (STCR), ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal-462038, India.
Pooja Tamuk
Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, IARI, New Delhi-110012, India.
Karge Basar
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh Centre, Basar-791101, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A staple of many indigenous cultures, shifting agriculture is coming under more and more scrutiny for its role in soil degradation and deforestation, especially in light of climate change. This study investigates the effects of jhum agriculture in Arunachal Pradesh, with a particular emphasis on the detrimental effects on soil qualities and its contribution to deforestation. Along with considerable nutrient loss from frequent forest clearing and burning, jhum farming causes severe soil degradation, including soil erosion and changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil. In the diverse climates of Arunachal Pradesh, characterized by heavy rainfall, soil fertility and moisture are especially vulnerable. The shortening of fallow periods further destabilizes soil moisture and fertility, despite the potential benefits of carbon dynamics and sequestration during extended fallows. This research underscores the urgent need for sustainable practices, such as improved soil moisture conservation and extended fallow periods, to align traditional agricultural practices with the goals of climate resilience, soil health, and long-term sustainability.
Keywords: Jhum cultivation, soil degradation, soil property dynamics, soil fertility, Arunachal Pradesh