Participatory GIS Mode of Sustainable Surface and Groundwater Management Practices Involving NGOs in India
L. Murali Krishnan
Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi-12, India.
N. Kumarasamy
Agriculture Business Management, PGP Agricultural College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.
K. C. Sivabalan *
Agricultural Consultant, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.
S. Oliyarasan
S. Thangapazham Agricultural College, Vasudevanallur Tamil Nadu, India.
R. Ravikumar
Agrlicultural Economics, Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India.
Sukanaya Barua
Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi-12, India.
M. V. KarunaJeba Mary
Agricultural Extension Scholar, TNAU, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
K. Ragavendra
Agricultural Extension, KVK Kalikiri, Andhra Pradesh, India.
K. Kannan
Department of Agriculture, Dindigal, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Groundwater resources plays important role in agro-biodiversity and environmental conservation perspectives. Surface and groundwater have played a significant role in the agrarian economics in the developing economics particularly in India. At the same time, the tropical and sub-tropical India is the largest groundwater user in the world through unregulated construction and utilization of millions of private wells in the last five decades exploited groundwater availability and sustainable regeneration issues. Hence, in order to improve the surface and groundwater conservation, regeneration, management and protection for sustainable utilization of Groundwater requires a participatory and coordinated action. Nationwide, many national and regional Non Government Organisations (NGOs) are functioning in the line of effective surface and ground water management the community. The recent Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based technologies also supports for drought mitigation and climate change adaptation. This study highlights the important NGOs led sustainable Groundwater management practices under various local hydro geological settings and agro economic realities for up scaling the community driven sustainable Groundwater management.
Keywords: Agrarian economy, community driven, surface and groundwater management, Non Government Organisation (NGOs) GIS, climate change adaptation